Ankylosing Spondylitis in Wilmington - Rheumatology Center of Delaware

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Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease: Understanding the Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic Inflammatory condition primarily affecting the spine and sacroiliac joints. It can cause severe pain and stiffness, leading to a significant reduction in quality of life. The disease is most commonly seen in young adults and is characterized by inflammation that can result in fused vertebrae, making movement difficult.

What is Ankylosing Spondylitis?

Ankylosing spondylitis is a form of arthritis that predominantly affects the axial skeleton, which includes the spine and the sacroiliac joints. The condition causes the vertebrae to fuse together, leading to a loss of spinal flexibility. This fusion can result in severe back pain and stiffness.

Develop Ankylosing Spondylitis: How It Happens

The exact cause of ankylosing spondylitis is not fully understood. However, it is thought to be an autoimmune disorder where the immune system mistakenly attacks the joints. Inflammation starts in the sacroiliac joints, which can gradually spread to other areas of the spine and peripheral joints.

Risk Factors for Ankylosing Spondylitis

Several factors can increase the risk of developing ankylosing spondylitis. The primary risk factor is genetics, with the HLA-B27 gene playing a significant role in susceptibility to the disease. Additionally, men are more likely to develop AS than women, and it typically starts in early adulthood.

SIGNS/SYMPTOMS

Chronic Lower Back Pain: Persistent pain and stiffness in the lower back, especially in the morning or after periods of inactivity.
Reduced Flexibility: Gradual loss of flexibility in the spine, leading to a hunched posture over time.
Pain in the Hips or Shoulders: Inflammation may also affect the hips, shoulders, and other joints.
Morning Stiffness: Joint stiffness in the morning or after sitting for long periods, improving with movement.
Pain Relief with Exercise: Symptoms often improve with regular physical activity and movement.
Fatigue: Chronic tiredness and lack of energy, which is common in people with ankylosing spondylitis.
Inflammation of the Heel: Pain or swelling in the heel due to inflammation in the tendons and ligaments.

LIVING WITH ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS

Stay Active: Regular low-impact exercises, like swimming or walking, can help improve mobility and reduce stiffness.
Maintain Good Posture: Practice proper posture to prevent spine curving and maintain alignment, helping reduce pain.
Manage Pain with Medication: Use prescribed medications like NSAIDs or biologics to manage pain and inflammation effectively.
Use Heat and Cold Therapy: Applying heat or cold packs can help soothe sore joints and reduce inflammation.
Focus on Strengthening Muscles: Strengthening core and back muscles through physical therapy or exercise can support the spine.
Get Quality Sleep: Prioritize rest to allow your body to recover, which can help alleviate fatigue and improve overall health.
Adapt Your Environment: Make modifications in your home or workspace to reduce strain on joints, such as using supportive chairs or standing desks.

Inflammatory Disease and its Impact on the Body

Ankylosing spondylitis is an inflammatory disease, meaning that the immune system causes the body’s tissues to become inflamed. Chronic inflammation in the joints and spine can lead to pain and, over time, to the fusion of the vertebrae, limiting movement and flexibility.

Severe Pain and Discomfort

One of the hallmark symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis is severe pain. This pain typically worsens after long periods of rest, such as sleeping at night or sitting for long periods. Physical therapy and medication can help manage this pain and improve mobility.

Other Treatment Approaches for AS

In addition to medications and physical therapy, other treatment approaches may be helpful in managing ankylosing spondylitis. These include complementary therapies such as acupuncture and yoga, as well as lifestyle changes like weight management and smoking cessation.

Preventing Complications of Ankylosing Spondylitis

Preventing complications of ankylosing spondylitis is essential for maintaining long-term health. This includes monitoring for vertebral fractures, eye inflammation, and cardiovascular issues. Early intervention can help prevent permanent damage to the joints and other parts of the body.

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